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Methods & evidence

The tools of careful inquiry. Study design, causal reasoning and uncertainty.

QUESTIONS WE WANT TO UNDERSTAND

  1. Does the study design answer the question being asked?

  2. How do measurement choices and assumptions shape a result?

  3. What distinguishes a repeatable calculation from a supported conclusion?

These questions describe the scope of this area. They are not findings or a list of active studies.

Research in this area

Measuring aging

When an Aging Clock Turns Back, What Has Actually Changed?

A lower clock reading can be a biological signal worth investigating. Interpreting it as a younger body, less disease or a longer life requires further evidence. We reanalyzed published CALERIE blood methylation clock values, built a mixture model from sorted cells from six donors, and simulated measurement noise and multiple testing to examine those steps.

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